Driving Distance Calculator. To help you get a clear picture of the major cities and areas, we put together this guide. Officially, Duran is the name of the canton (county) with Eloy Alfaro as its capital. It is situated on the west bank of the Guayas River, 45 miles (72 km) upstream from the Gulf of Guayaquil of the Pacific Ocean. ecuador cities by elevation. In general, temperatures are around 17C (62.6F). But are not sure about the altitude. The pleasant, spring-like temperatures throughout the year are the greatest benefit of Quito's high elevation. ), forest revenues: 0.27% of GDP (2018 est. The Costa is influenced primarily by proximity to warm or cool ocean currents. According to the 2020 population projections, Freshwater withdrawal (domestic/industrial/agricultural), Last edited on 25 November 2022, at 16:21, Learn how and when to remove this template message, "The global distribution and trajectory of tidal flats", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Geography_of_Ecuador&oldid=1123773301, This page was last edited on 25 November 2022, at 16:21. There is constant fog and drizzle in the summer and rain in the winter. At sea level, the land is desertlike with temperatures of 21C (69.8F). Protests in Quito contributed to the mid-term ouster of three of Ecuador's last four democratically elected presidents. An estimated 2 to 3 million Ecuadorians live abroad, but increased unemployment in key receiving countries - Spain, the United States, and Italy - is slowing emigration and increasing the likelihood of returnees to Ecuador. It is knowns as the city of the RoyalTamarind Trees. Location: Ecuador(-8.83977 -86.86670 6.16023 -71.86670) Average elevation: 1,260 ft Minimum elevation: -10 ft Maximum elevation: 18,028 ft Other topographic maps In addition, the country, continental region, latitude and longitude are shown for all cities listed. Between 1904 and 1942, Ecuador lost territories in a series of conflicts with its neighbors. )1 (2018 est. Highest city in the world, 30 000 inhabitants. The sixty-kilometer-long Guayas River forms just north of Guayaquil out of the confluence of the Babahoyo and Daule rivers. The Andes includes over 20 peaks atleast 13,779 ft (4,200m) in height with most located in the Cordillera Occidental. Copyright & License: Tanager Photo by Peter Wendelken. The second major Costa river system the Esmeraldas rises in the Hoya de Quito in the Sierra as the Guayllabamba River and flows westward to empty into the Pacific Ocean near the city of Esmeraldas. 283,561km2 (109,484sqmi) is land and 6,720km2 (2,595sqmi) water. Gustavo Thomas 2017) Quito, Plaza de San Francisco Cotopaxi Volcano Viewed From Quito (Quito, Ecuador. We also share travel tips, packing lists, and gear reviews. )2.2% of GDP (2019) (approximately $2.98 billion)2.4% of GDP (2018) (approximately $3.14 billion)2.4% of GDP (2017) (approximately $3.1 billion), approximately 40,000 active military personnel (25,000 Army; 9,000 Navy; 6,000 Air Force) (2022), the military's equipment inventory is mostly older and derived from a wide variety of sources; in recent years, Ecuador has received limited amounts of military equipment from more than 15 countries, including Brazil, China, Russia, and the US (2022), 18 years of age for selective conscript military service, although conscription was suspended in 2008; 18 years of age for voluntary military service; Ecuadorian birth requirement; 1-year service obligation; females have been allowed to serve in all branches since 2012 (2022)note: in 2017, women made up an estimated 3% of the military, border conflicts with Peru dominated the militarys focus until the late 1990s and border security remains a priority, but in more recent years, security challenges have shifted towards counterinsurgency and counter-narcotics operations, particularly in the northern border area where violence and other criminal activity related to terrorism, insurgency, and narco-trafficking in Colombia, as well as refugees from Venezuela, has spilled over the border; troop deployments along the border with Colombia were scaled back following the 2016 signing of a peace agreement between the Colombian Government and the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC) terrorist group (see Appendix T), but recent violence associated with FARC dissidents to the agreement have led Ecuador and Colombia to reinforce their shared border; since 2012, the Ecuadorian Government has also expanded the militarys role in general public security and counter-narcotics operations, in part due to rising violence, police corruption, and police ineffectivenessthe military has had a large role in Ecuadors political history; it ruled the country from 1963-1966 and 1972-1979, and supported a dictatorship in 1970-1972; during the 1980s, the military remained loyal to the civilian government, but civilian-military relations were at times tenuous, and the military had considerable autonomy from civilian oversight; it was involved in coup attempts in 2000 and 2010 (2023), the International Maritime Bureau continues to report the territorial and offshore waters of Ecuador as at risk for piracy and armed robbery against ships; vessels, including commercial shipping and pleasure craft, have been attacked and hijacked both at anchor and while underway; crews have been robbed and stores or cargoes stolen; there has been a slight decrease with four attacks reported in 2021 and five in 2020; one ship was boarded while underway and two ships were fired upon, organized illegal narcotics operations in Colombia penetrate across Ecuador's shared border, refugees (country of origin): 65,854 (Colombia) (refugees and asylum seekers) (2021); 513,900 (Venezuela) (economic and political crisis; includes Venezuelans who have claimed asylum, are recognized as refugees, or have received alternative legal stay) (2022), Ecuador is a major transit country for illicit drugs such as cocaine, heroin and chemical precursors to process cocaine from Colombia and Peru; not a major drug producing country, total population growth rate v. urban population growth rate, 2000-2030, Children under the age of 5 years underweight, School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education), International law organization participation, Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income, Household income or consumption by percentage share, Civil aircraft registration country code prefix, Military and security service personnel strengths, Military equipment inventories and acquisitions, Refugees and internally displaced persons, Center for the Study of Intelligence (CSI). The Galpagos Islands have no significant rivers. Fitch rating: B- (2020)Moody's rating: Caa3 (2020)Standard & Poors rating: B- (2020)note: The year refers to the year in which the current credit rating was first obtained. PURPLE-CHESTED HUMMINGBIRD MALE Amazilia rosenbergi Hovering in the Ro Silanche Bird Sanctuary in Northwestern ECUADOR. In its upper reaches, the Napo flows rapidly until the confluence with one of its major tributaries, the Coca River, where it slows and levels off. ), $29.325 billion (2021 est.) )$197.549 billion (2019 est. In general, rainfall amounts are highest on exposed locations at lower altitudes. ), definition: age 15 and over can read and writetotal population: 93.6%male: 94.8%female: 92.5% (2020), total: 15 yearsmale: 14 yearsfemale: 15 years (2020), total: 14.2%male: 11.4%female: 18.8% (2021 est. In Spanish, Guayaquileo/a. note: Ecuador has declared its right to extend its continental shelf to 350 nm measured from the baselines of the Galapagos Archipelago Climate tropical along coast, becoming cooler inland at higher elevations; tropical in Amazonian jungle lowlands Terrain (Spanish)The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information. We have a special focus on travel in Ecuador, Africa, and Nova Scotia. The city is located in the Portoviejo River Valley, which is an agricultural powerhouse. Cotopaxi in Ecuador is one of the world's highest active volcanos. What is thehighest capital city in the world? OZOMENE ALTINOTE Actinote ozomene, a BUTTERFLY IN THE GRASS, Reserva Las Gralarias near Mindo, Ecuador. Other ports in Ecuador include Machala, Manta, and Esmeraldas. The following is a list of the world's major cities (either capitals, more than one million inhabitants or an elevation of over 1,000m[3,300ft]) by elevation. )government consumption: 14.4% (2017 est. Interactive Color Elevation Map, Below you will able to find elevation of major cities/towns/villages in Ecuador along with their elevation maps. By contrast, climate in the Sierra varies more as a function of altitude. 16m Phnom Penh , Cambodia. The road from Baos to Puyo has long been known for its narrowness, curves and sheer drops (only one lane in some places, on one area, actually cut into the side of a cliff so that the cliff roofs over it). Location: Ecuador (-8.83977 -86.86670 6.16023 -71.86670). Elevation of Ecuador Longitude: -78.395598 Latitude: -0.210691 Elevation: 2350m / 7710feet Barometric Pressure: 76KPa Elevation Map: Satellite Map: Related Photos: View of Downtown Quito and El Panecillo (Quito, Ecuador. The cordilleras were formed earlier in the Cenozoic era (the current geological era), as the Nazca Plate has subducted underneath the South American Plate and has raised the mountain range. This phenomenon is particularly significant in the Sierra. )refined petroleum consumption: 259,000 bbl/day (2019 est. Internal flight services from Ecuador to Galpagos are also available for tourists making it more convenient for guests from outside. It is home to Quito International Airport and is one of two primary entry points for foreign tourists. Western South America, bordering the Pacific Ocean at the Equator, between Colombia and Peru, total: 283,561 sq kmland: 276,841 sq kmwater: 6,720 sq kmnote: includes Galapagos Islands, total: 2,237 kmborder countries (2): Colombia 708 km; Peru 1529 km, territorial sea: 12 nmexclusive economic zone: 200 nmcontinental shelf: 200 nmnote: Ecuador has declared its right to extend its continental shelf to 350 nm measured from the baselines of the Galapagos Archipelago, tropical along coast, becoming cooler inland at higher elevations; tropical in Amazonian jungle lowlands, coastal plain (costa), inter-Andean central highlands (sierra), and flat to rolling eastern jungle (oriente), highest point: Chimborazo 6,267lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 mmean elevation: 1,117 mnote: because the earth is not a perfect sphere and has an equatorial bulge, the highest point on the planet farthest from its center is Mount Chimborazo not Mount Everest, which is merely the highest peak above sea level, agricultural land: 29.7% (2018 est. June 16, 2022; Posted by usa volleyball national qualifiers 2022; 16 . On a seasonal basis, the driest months are June through September. NEW! 16m Malaga , Spain. )1 (2017 est. The continental regions extend the length of the country from north to south and are separated by the Andes Mountains. It has 2237km of land boundaries, with Colombia in the north (708km border) and Peru in the east and south (1,529km border). ), sugar cane, bananas, milk, oil palm fruit, maize, rice, plantains, poultry, cocoa, potatoes, petroleum, food processing, textiles, wood products, chemicals, 0.49% (2021 est. )percent of municipal solid waste recycled: 12.9% (2015 est. ), total: 11.3% (2020 est. Located in the north-central part of the country in the Andean highlands is, Quito - the national capital and the second most populous city of Ecuador. There are 80 cities in Ecuador, with a population of 10,000 or more. According to the 2010 Census, there are 316,243 Ecuadorians living in the US metro area of New York-Northern New Jersey-Long Island (NY-NJ-PA MSA). The Putumayo forms part of the border with Colombia. Physical map of Ecuador showing major cities, terrain, national parks, rivers, and surrounding countries with international borders and outline maps. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); I been living in boquete panama couple of months but kind of exp here and windy thinking of moving to Ecuador close to beach too fish. The rivers rise from snowmelt at the edges of the snowcapped peaks or from the abundant precipitation that falls at higher elevations. Name: Ecuador topographic map, elevation, terrain. 283,561 km 2 (109,484 sq mi) is land and 6,720 km 2 (2,595 sq mi) water. Quito and most other populated areas in the Sierra are located at this temperate level. They grow tomatoes, peppers, coffee, bananas, mangos and many other tropical fruits. By this standard, Quito is the highest (constitutional) capital in the world. ), fossil fuels: 21% of total installed capacity (2020 est. . But if we are going to compare apple to apples, we should rank these cities by equal measure by constitutional capitals. Manta is a city built on tuna fishing. On the west bank is the much larger city of Guayaquil. Now with the overview out of the way, lets dive into the details on the 8 largest cities in Ecuador. 16m Riga , Latvia. Hummingbird Photo by Peter Wendelken. Administrative city: Ibarra Region 2 (43,498 km 2, or 16,795 mi 2 ): Pichincha, Napo, and Orellana. These cities are spread across the country, in many of Ecuadors 24 provinces. )spirits: 0.61 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est. )wine: 0.09 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est. Ecuador is comparatively high at an average elevation of 1117 meters above sea level. )industrial: 549 million cubic meters (2017 est. )exports: 0 cubic meters (2021 est. How many Ecuadorians live in New York? note: data are in current year dollars$26.12 billion (2019 est.) note: data are in current year dollars$22.401 billion (2020 est.) The five largest cities in the country are Quito (2.78 million inhabitants), Guayaquil (2.72 million inhabitants), Cuenca (636,996 inhabitants), Santo Domingo (458,580 inhabitants), and Ambato (387,309 inhabitants). The most important eastwest road across the Andes is the road from Quito to Lago Agrio, which is paved for most of its length yet is heavily traveled by tractor-trailersand the Trans-Ecuadorian Oil Pipeline serves as the guardrail for long stretches of this road. Hummingbird Photo by Peter Wendelken. Partial, incomplete table of volcanoes in the north of the Ecuadorian Andes, from north to south: Much of the Oriente is tropical moist broadleaf forest (Spanish: la selva), on the east slopes of the Andes Mountains and descending into the Amazon Basin, with strikingly different upland rainforest with steep, rugged ridges and cascading streams (can be seen around Puyo) and lowland rainforest. BLUE-NECKED TANAGER Tangara cyanicollis Perched in the Sun along the Ro Nambillo near Mindo ECUADOR. Peru, Colombia. In my research, I found numerous US towns with a high percentage of people with Ecuadorian ancestry. )$2.939 billion (31 December 2019 est. ), improved: urban: 100% of populationrural: 96.9% of populationtotal: 98.9% of populationunimproved: urban: 0% of populationrural: 3.1% of populationtotal: 1.1% of population (2020 est. Quito, the capital city, is located in a high mountain valley on the foothills of the Pichincha (volcano). Rare cases in other provinces in areas <1,500m (4,921 ft). agriculture: 6.7% (2017 est. The highest point in Ecuador is Mount Chimborazo, at 20,560ft (6,268m); while the lowest point is at the Pacific Ocean. Latitude is measured in degrees (), 180. Briefly constricted at Guayaquil by hills, the Guayas widens south of the city and flows through a deltaic network of small islands and channels. Or maybe a detail/fact to add? We like the idea of Cuenca because of the big city amenities, good healthcare, culture, etc. It sits directly on the Equator and is subsequently positioned in the northern, southern and western hemispheres of the Earth. )1 (2019 est. Not coincidentally, it is also where encebollado (tuna/onion soup) originated. But things arent always that simple. Want to get a big picture view of Cuenca? The first large-scale emigration of Ecuadorians occurred between 1980 and 2000, when an economic crisis drove Ecuadorians from southern provinces to New York City, where they had trade contacts. Hi! The oil fields are located in the Amazon basin, headquartered at Lago Agrio; some of the rainforest has been seriously damaged in this region and environmental degradation is severe, with catastrophic oil pollution in some areas. List of cities in Ecuador by population Population of Earth Population of Ecuador List of cities in Ecuador List of cities in Ecuador by population List of cities in Ecuador by population 2022 2023. Ecuador's largest city by population is Guayaquil, which has around two million residents and is home to the nation's main port. Tanager Photo by Peter Wendelken. note: data are in current year dollars, United States 30%, China 13%, Panama 8%, Chile 7% (2019), crude petroleum, crustaceans, bananas, fish, refined petroleum (2019), $28.567 billion (2021 est.) Covering an area of 283,561 sq.km (109,484sqmi), Ecuador is a country located in northwestern South America. Ecuador Bordering Countries: )major-language sample(s): La Libreta Informativa del Mundo, la fuente indispensable de informacin bsica. First, this list gives an overview of major cities in Ecuador, organized by largest to smallest (according to population). While the elevation of cities may vary enormously, this list should represent a notional elevation for each city which is verifiable and reasonably acceptable for comparison. Precipitation frequently is in the form of snow, fog, and rain. The Guayas River Basin, including land drained by its tributaries, is 40,000 square kilometers in area. Collectively known as the Pacific Equatorial Forest, these forest remnants are considered the most endangered tropical forest in the world, and are part of the Tumbes-Choco-Magdalena biodiversity hotspot. Base map OpenStreetMap contributors NEW! Highest town in Colombia. The total population of Ecuador is 17,246,500 as of 27-May-19 , which represents 0.22% of global population and ranks Ecuador # 68 worldwide. Quito Ecuador latitude is: DMS: 0 12 33.12 S. Decimal : -0.2092. The North and South Poles are at 90N and -90S, respectively. Ecuador; Including the Galpagos Islands: Areas at altitudes <1,500 m (4,921 ft) in the provinces of Carchi, Cotopaxi, Esmeraldas, Morona Santiago, Orellana, Pastaza, and Sucumbios. The Oriente is also home to a large number of Ecuador's indigenous groups, notably the lowland Quechua, Siona, Secoya, Huaorani, and Cofn. It is cool along the tropical coast. Browse by States/Provinces in Ecuador, Check our interactive Flood Map / Elevation Map for Ecuador. )crude oil estimated reserves: 8.273 billion barrels (2021 est. The climate in the Sierra is divided into levels based on altitude. The most significant include the Babahoyo, Chira, Coca, Curaray, Daule, Esmeraldas, Guayas, Napo, Paztaza and the Putumayo, on its northeastern border with Colombia. Mountain-Tanager Photo by Peter Wendelken. I would recommend taking ChlorOxygen 1-2 weeks ahead of the trip so it's easier to deal with high altitudes. ), 0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2023 est. ), $50.667 billion (2019 est. )6.11% (2020 est. )subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 13 (2020 est. The legal structure of the city/canton is a little confusing. But if you cancel the plan before your 7 days trial ends, your card will not be charged. )consumption: 10,000 metric tons (2020 est. )other: 31.4% (2018 est. Elevation map of Ecuador Longitude: -78.183406 Latitude: -1.831239 Elevation: 1394m / 4573feet Barometric Pressure: 86KPa Elevation Map: Satellite Map: Related Photos: andespanoL1003170 explored Feb 15 Thank you SWALLOW TANAGER Male Tersina viridis Eating Orange Pico Pico Fruit in a Tree in Mindo in Northwestern ECUADOR. Throughout Ecuador variation in rainfall primarily determines seasons. )$182.165 billion (2020 est. List [ edit] Alphabetical [ edit] Ambato Arajuno Archidona Atacames Azogues Babahoyo Baeza Baha de Carquez Balao Balsas Balzar Baos de Agua Santa Bucay Calceta Carlos Julio Arosemena Tola Catarama Chone Coca Colimes Coronel Marcelino Mariduea Cuenca Daule Durn El Chaco El Empalme El Guabo El Triunfo More than half of all residents (64%) live within cities. The Guayas River system, which flows southward to the Gulf of Guayaquil, constitutes the most important of the drainage systems in the Costa Internal. This Ecuador Elevation Map is licensed under CC BY-SA. What cities in Ecuador are on your bucket list? Which city is the primary port of Ecuador? Photo by Peter Wendelken. These all have more than 200,000 inhabitants. Ecuador has a small but growing immigrant population and is Latin America's top recipient of refugees; 98% are neighboring Colombians fleeing violence in their country. )arable land: 4.7% (2018 est. Several of the larger islands, however, have freshwater springs. The city of Cuenca is Ecuador's third-largest city and is situated in the highlands at an elevation of 2,560 meters above sea level. The Quito airport is at about 7800 feet (one of the reasons it was relocated from Quito central was the lower elevation). Special species that could be found here include blue footed boobies, iguanas and many more. ), 1 (2021 est. The second-highest capital in the world is Quito which is situated at 2,850 meters / 9,350 ft above sea level. Many taxi drivers in Ecuador lived in the States for many years. deforestation; soil erosion; desertification; water pollution; pollution from oil production wastes in ecologically sensitive areas of the Amazon Basin and Galpagos Islands. Guayaquil was founded in 1538 as a native village before falling under Spanish rule on gaining her independence in 1820. ), conventional long form: Republic of Ecuadorconventional short form: Ecuadorlocal long form: Republica del Ecuadorlocal short form: Ecuadoretymology: the country's position on the globe, straddling the Equator, accounts for its Spanish name, name: Quitogeographic coordinates: 0 13 S, 78 30 Wtime difference: UTC-5 (same time as Washington, DC, during Standard Time)time zone note: Ecuador has two time zones, including the Galapagos Islands (UTC-6)etymology: named after the Quitu, a Pre-Columbian indigenous people credited with founding the city; the name is also a combination of two Tsafiki words: quitso (meaning "center" or "half") + to or tu ("the world"); the combination roughly translates as "center of the world" and reflects the fact that native peoples recognized that at the two annual equinoxes, the overhead sun in that area (only about 20 km (12 mi) north of the equator) did not display any shade and thus must be in the middle of the world, 24 provinces (provincias, singular - provincia); Azuay, Bolivar, Canar, Carchi, Chimborazo, Cotopaxi, El Oro, Esmeraldas, Galapagos, Guayas, Imbabura, Loja, Los Rios, Manabi, Morona-Santiago, Napo, Orellana, Pastaza, Pichincha, Santa Elena, Santo Domingo de los Tsachilas, Sucumbios, Tungurahua, Zamora-Chinchipe, Independence Day (independence of Quito), 10 August (1809), history: many previous; latest approved 20 October 2008amendments: proposed by the president of the republic through a referendum, by public petition of at least 1% of registered voters, or by agreement of at least one-third membership of the National Assembly; passage requires two separate readings a year apart and approval by at least two-thirds majority vote of the Assembly, and approval by absolute majority in a referendum; amendments such as changes to the structure of the state, constraints on personal rights and guarantees, or constitutional amendment procedures are not allowed; amended 2011, 2015, 2018, civil law based on the Chilean civil code with modifications; traditional law in indigenous communities, has not submitted an ICJ jurisdiction declaration; accepts ICCt jurisdiction, citizenship by birth: yescitizenship by descent only: yesdual citizenship recognized: noresidency requirement for naturalization: 3 years, 18-65 years of age; universal and compulsory; 16-18, over 65, and other eligible voters, voluntary, chief of state: President Guillermo LASSO Mendoza (since 24 May 2021); Vice President Alfredo Enrique BORRERO Vega (since 24 May 2021); the president is both chief of state and head of governmenthead of government: President Guillermo LASSO Mendoza (since 24 May 2021); Vice President Alfredo Enrique BORRERO Vega (since 24 May 2021)cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the presidentelections/appointments: president and vice president directly elected on the same ballot by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 4-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 7 February 2021 with a runoff on 11 April 2021 (next to be held in February 2025)election results: 2021: Guillermo LASSO Mendoza elected president; first round election results: percent of vote - Andres ARAUZ (UNES) 32.72%, Guillermo LASSO Mendoza (CREO) 19.74%, Yaku PEREZ Guartambel (MUPP) 19.38%, Xavier HERVAS Mora (Independent) 15.68%, other 12.48%; second round election results: percent of vote - Guillermo LASSO Mendoza (CREO) 52.5%, Andres ARAUZ (UNES) 47.5%2017: Lenin MORENO Garces elected president in second round; percent of vote - Lenin MORENO Garces (Alianza PAIS Movement) 51.1%, Guillermo LASSO (CREO) 48.9%, description: unicameral National Assembly or Asamblea Nacional (137 seats; 116 members directly elected in single-seat constituencies by simple majority vote, 15 members directly elected in a single nationwide constituency by proportional representation vote, and 6 directly elected in multi-seat constituencies for Ecuadorians living abroad by simple majority vote; members serve 4-year terms); note - all Assembly members have alternates from the same party who cast votes when a primary member is absent, resigns, or is removed from officeelections: last held on 7 February 2021 (next scheduled in February 2025)election results: percent of vote by party - UNES 32.21%, MUPP 16.81%, ID 11.98%, PSC 9.73%, CREO 9.65%, MC-PSE 3.76%, other 15.86%; seats by party - UNES 49, MUPP 27, ID 18, PSC 18, CREO 12, MC-PSE 2, independents 3, other 8; composition as of March 2022 - men 84, women 53, percent of women 38.7%; note - defections by members of National Assembly are commonplace, resulting in frequent changes in the numbers of seats held by the various parties, highest court(s): National Court of Justice or Corte Nacional de Justicia (consists of 21 judges, including the chief justice and organized into 5 specialized chambers); Constitutional Court or Corte Constitucional (consists of the court president and 8 judges)judge selection and term of office: candidates for the National Court of Justice evaluated and appointed justices by the Judicial Council, a 9-member independent body of law professionals; justices elected for 9-year, non-renewable terms, with one-third of the membership renewed every 3 years; candidates for the Constitutional Court evaluated and appointed judges by a 6-member independent body of law professionals; judges appointed for 4-year renewable termssubordinate courts: provincial courts (one for each province except Galapagos); fiscal, criminal, and administrative tribunals; Election Dispute Settlement Courts; cantonal courts, Avanza Party or AVANZA [Javier ORTI Torres]Central Democratic Movement or CD [Jimmy JAIRALA]Citizen Revolution Movement or MRC or RC5 [Rafael CORREA]Creating Opportunities Movement or CREO [Guillermo LASSO]Democratic Left or ID [Rodrigo BORJA Cevallos]Forward Ecuador Movement [Alvaro NOBOA]Pachakutik Plurinational Unity Movement or MUPP [Marlon Rene SANTI Gualinga]Patriotic Society Party or PSP [Lucio Edwin GUTIERREZ Borbua]Popular Democracy Movement or MPD [Luis VILLACIS]Social Christian Party or PSC [Jaime NEBOT Saadi]Socialist Party [Gustavo VALLEJO] Society United for More Action or SUMA [Guillermo CELI], CAN, CD, CELAC, FAO, G-11, G-77, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), LAES, LAIA, Mercosur (associate), MIGA, MINUSTAH, NAM, OAS, OPANAL, OPCW, OPEC, Pacific Alliance (observer), PCA, PROSUR, SICA (observer), UN, UNAMID, UNASUR, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, Union Latina, UNISFA, UNMIL, UNMISS, UNOCI, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO, chief of mission: Ambassador Ivonne Leila Juez De A-BAKI (since 6 February 2020)chancery: 2535 15th Street NW, Washington, DC 20009telephone: [1] (202) 234-7200FAX: [1] (202) 333-2893email address and website: embassy@ecuador.orghttp://www.ecuador.org/consulate(s) general: Atlanta, Chicago, Houston, Los Angeles, Miami, Minneapolis, New Haven (CT), New Orleans, New York, Newark (NJ), Phoenix, San Francisco, chief of mission: Ambassador Michael J. FITZPATRICK (since 3 July 2019)embassy: E12-170 Avenida Avigiras y Avenida Eloy Alfaro, Quitomailing address: 3420 Quito Place, Washington DC 20521-3420telephone: [593] (2) 398-5000email address and website: ACSQuito@state.govhttps://ec.usembassy.gov/consulate(s) general: Guayaquil, three horizontal bands of yellow (top, double width), blue, and red with the coat of arms superimposed at the center of the flag; the flag retains the three main colors of the banner of Gran Colombia, the South American republic that broke up in 1830; the yellow color represents sunshine, grain, and mineral wealth, blue the sky, sea, and rivers, and red the blood of patriots spilled in the struggle for freedom and justicenote: similar to the flag of Colombia, which is shorter and does not bear a coat of arms, Andean condor; national colors: yellow, blue, red, name: "Salve, Oh Patria!" The following is a list of the world's major cities (either capitals, more than one million inhabitants or an elevation of over 1,000 m [3,300 ft]) by elevation. It is Ecuadors second-largest city by population. 50 ft) to 300m (approx. Running north-south, small coastal mountain rangesthe Colonche, Chindul, and Mache mountainsrise to 2,600 feet (800 metres). affirmative defenses to interpleader action,

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